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> Scheme electronice, Scheme electronice si electrice auto

dyogenes
post 15 Jul 2006, 13:52
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Deschid acest topic cu speranta ca se va bucura de interes. Multi dintre noi am fost pusi in situatia de trebui sa reparam o componenta electronica auto (releu de semnalizare, releu de incarcare, etc) si sa constatam ca nu avem o schema dupa care sa ne orientam. Propun deci ca acest topic sa fie "o culegere" de scheme elctronice auto, rapid accesibile, fara sa mai fie nevoie a cauta interminabil prin topic-uri pentru a gasi schema necesara.

Sau, poate uneori ni se poate parea interesant sa construim de la 0 un astfel de aparat electronic pentru masina pe care o detinem. Topicul actual isi propune sa ofere rapid o schema dupa care sa ne ghidam.

Rugamintea mea este sa nu se posteze scheme "putin modificate" fata de versiuni anterioare, atat timp cat acele modificari nu influenteaza major functionarea schemei.

Si, nu in ultimul rand, rugamintea ar fi ca acest topic sa ramana unul concret, dedicat schemelor postate si eventual unor SCURTE comentarii pe marginea lor.

Pentru discutii teoretice a-propos de diverse modificari, etc, va stau la dispozitie celelalte topic-uri.

This post has been edited by dyogenes: 15 Jul 2006, 16:35


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dyogenes
post 15 Jul 2006, 14:00
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Prima schema pe care o postez este cea a releului electronic de incarcare clasic, fara fir de referinta. Daca in locul rezistorilor de 27 si 75 ohmi se pune un potentiometru de 200 ohmi, nivelul incarcarii devine reglabil:
RLINCARC.jpg ( Size: 29.45k ) Number of downloads: 108484



Cea de-a doua schema, este cea a releului electronic de incarcare cu fir de referinta (care se leaga la borna + a alternatorului). daca in locul rezistorului de 33 ohmi se pune un potentiometru de 200 ohmi, nivelul incarcarii poate fi de asemenea reglat:
RELREF.jpg ( Size: 29.24k ) Number of downloads: 113677



Cea de-a treia schema este cea a releului electronic de semnalizare. De remarcat ca este o varianta noua de releu, care foloseste un tranzistor pentru comanda martorilor din bord. Pentru montarea acestui tip de releu la masinile mai vechi, echipate cu releu bimetalic, borna R ramane neconectata.
RLSEMN.jpg ( Size: 37.97k ) Number of downloads: 107142



Cei care doresc sa renunte la clasicul intrerupator (frecvent buclucas) al plafonierei, si sa il inlocuiasca cu un senzor magnetic Hall, le este dedicata urmatoarea schema. Magnetul este lipit pe bratul intrerupatorului plafonierei. Cand acest magnet se apropie de senzor, LED-ul se aprinde. Personal am folosit un LED albastru UTRABRIGHT. De mentionat ca stingerea ledului este normala, nu progresiva, ca la masinile straine.
PLAFON.jpg ( Size: 21.2k ) Number of downloads: 104447



Foarte multi membrii ai acestui forum au realizat deja iluminarea bordului cu ajutorul a 3 LED-uri in locul clasicelor becuri. Ramane problema variatiei luminozitatii acestor LED-uri in functie de necesitati. Metoda clasica, cu potentiometru bobinat este putin fiabila si nu protejeaza LED-urile la supratensiuni. Schema de mai jos asigura variatia luminozitatii LED-urilor din bord de la 0 la luminozitatea maxima, si, in acelasi timp, protejeaza LED-urile impotriva unor eventuale varfuri de tensiune ce pot aparea accidental in sistem. Tranzistorul BD nu necesita radiator.
BORD.jpg ( Size: 23.48k ) Number of downloads: 104430



Pentru cei care, in ciuda controverselor, doresc sa isi monteze un CD-ROM de calculator in masina, ca sursa de muzica, stabilizatorul simplu de mai jos ii poate ajuta:
STAB5V.jpg ( Size: 26.55k ) Number of downloads: 29679


This post has been edited by dyogenes: 15 Jul 2006, 16:34


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kristalloz
post 16 Jul 2006, 00:56
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Schema electrica pentru Dacia 1300 dupa 1973 smile.gif

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dyogenes
post 16 Jul 2006, 10:50
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Schema releului de semnalizare electronic tip mai vechi, cu 2 tranzistori:
RLVECHI.jpg ( Size: 44.94k ) Number of downloads: 23324


Cel de al doilea releu e foarte interesant realizat. Rezistorul de putere Rx, pe care se sesizeaza daca este ars vreun bec, este realizat din sarma de nichelina bobinata peste un tub de sticla cu 2 contacte (ca senzorul de turatie la kilometrajul de bicicleta), realizand astfel RL2. Cand prin Rx trece curent, in interiorul sau se creeaza camp magnetic si contactele se atrag, punand borna R (martorul din bord) la +12V.


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B-34-SGM
post 16 Jul 2006, 18:16
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Felicitari Dyogenes, vad ca te pricepi la electronica, nu gluma!

Ai cumva o schema de shift-light? Un led care sa se aprinda cand motorul ajunge la o anumita turatie, pe care sa o pot seta dintr-o rezistenta variabila.

A incercat un coleg de forum o schema luata de pe net, si i se tot ardea un integrat. Poate o gasesc , sa iti dai cu parerea de ce se arde.


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anndi
post 16 Jul 2006, 18:30
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QUOTE(B-34-SGM @ 16 Jul 2006, 19:16)
Felicitari Dyogenes, vad ca te pricepi la electronica, nu gluma!

Ai cumva o schema de shift-light? Un led care sa se aprinda cand motorul ajunge la o anumita turatie, pe care sa o pot seta dintr-o rezistenta variabila.

A incercat un coleg de forum o schema luata de pe net, si i se tot ardea un integrat. Poate o gasesc , sa iti dai cu parerea de ce se arde.
*



Si eu sunt interesat de schema shift-light-ului!


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Giurisici Fabian
post 16 Jul 2006, 21:24
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am pus si eu cateva sheme in ordine la rugamintea lui Diogenes
temporizator pt stergatoare
releu semnalizare
mufa euro de la RCS si RCD
termocupla electronica cu 3 leduri martor
releu de incarcare
turometru cu 20 de leduri(se poate face si un shift light)
platina malvina pt delcou cu senzor hall
aprinderea lui JOHN CLARKE


vor mai urma si altele

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Giurisici Fabian
post 16 Jul 2006, 22:04
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cum se leaga o alarma

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argon
post 17 Jul 2006, 06:36
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Scuzati offtopicul, Fabian, am o nelamurire.
In schema postata mai sus unde leg firele incercuite? eu am 2 pentru semnale, stanga dreapta, nu mai trebuie diode, dar nu stiu unde le leg.

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iulianv
post 17 Jul 2006, 08:06
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Referitor la postul #2, schema penultima diodele LED sunt conectate invers!


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marianrec
post 17 Jul 2006, 12:28
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QUOTE(argon @ 17 Jul 2006, 08:36)
In schema postata mai sus unde leg firele incercuite? eu am 2 pentru semnale, stanga dreapta, nu mai trebuie diode, dar nu stiu unde le leg.



La maneta de semnalizare, gasesti 3 fire (rosu, albastru, verde), legi la rosu si respectiv albastru.


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bygy007
post 18 Jul 2006, 00:24
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Relee sennalizare

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bygy007
post 18 Jul 2006, 00:33
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continuarea

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bygy007
post 18 Jul 2006, 00:36
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Indicare uitare pozitii aprinse

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bygy007
post 18 Jul 2006, 00:37
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continuarea

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Giurisici Fabian
post 20 Jul 2006, 20:43
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temporizare pentru plafoniera
tranzistorul poate fi orice mosfet cu poarta N

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dyogenes
post 20 Jul 2006, 23:05
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Fabian, se pare ca gandim sincron! In seara asta am proiecata o schema cu exact aceeasi destinatie. Cum eu nu am aici la dispozitie (sunt in concediu intr-un sat din Timis) decat putine piese (nici intr-un caz MOSFET), am facut schema urmatoare:
PROGRE.jpg ( Size: 27.1k ) Number of downloads: 21150


Stingerea este progresiva si se realizeaza in aprox 7 secunde. Prin cresterea valorii condensatorului de 1000 uF, aceasta durata se prelungeste.

Banuiesc ca tranzistorul BD136 ar putea fi inlocuit cu unul de mica putere, gen BC251, dar eu asa am experimentat, cu BD136.

Tranzistorul BD135 nu necesita radiator, el practic se incalzeste doar pe perioada stingerii treptate.

This post has been edited by dyogenes: 20 Jul 2006, 23:07


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bygy007
post 21 Jul 2006, 23:15
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voltmetre analogice auto
1010 cel mai bun


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bygy007
post 21 Jul 2006, 23:18
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cu tranzistoare

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bygy007
post 21 Jul 2006, 23:20
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cu un digit afiseaza starile L I H

This post has been edited by bygy007: 22 Jul 2006, 00:06

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Giurisici Fabian
post 21 Jul 2006, 23:29
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bigi ala e afisor cu un digit nu octet,octetul e altceva


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bygy007
post 22 Jul 2006, 00:10
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temporizator plafoniera 1

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bygy007
post 22 Jul 2006, 00:11
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temporizator plafoniera 2

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bygy007
post 22 Jul 2006, 00:14
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temporizator plafoniera 3

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bygy007
post 22 Jul 2006, 00:16
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temporizator plafoniera 4

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bygy007
post 22 Jul 2006, 00:22
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in cazul in care mai doriti si alte scheme spuneti aici8.JPG ( Size: 26.58k ) Number of downloads: 5590
si varianta 5

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HarM
post 22 Jul 2006, 00:53
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Care aveti o schema ptr un turometru? de preferat din ala 'analog'.


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bygy007
post 22 Jul 2006, 13:36
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turometre

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B31AYZ
post 23 Jul 2006, 20:09
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Salut ,

Daca esti dispus sa faci si unele montaje pe baza schemelor din acest topic ar fi ok. De scheme suntem plini , una mai buna decat alta .Nu e nimeni interesat sa fac montaje diverse pentru Dacia carburatie . Clienti cred ca se gasesc .

Multa bafta !


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bygy007
post 23 Jul 2006, 20:44
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QUOTE(B31AYZ @ 23 Jul 2006, 21:09)
Salut ,

Daca esti dispus sa faci si unele montaje pe baza schemelor din acest topic ar fi ok. De scheme suntem plini , una mai buna decat alta .Nu e nimeni interesat sa fac montaje diverse pentru Dacia carburatie . Clienti cred ca se gasesc .

Multa bafta !
*


ce anume te intereseaza poate incerc sa te ajut rolleyes.gif


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